Research on safety issues that may be involved in the chemical production process mainly includes the following aspects: Thermal hazards: When cooling failure occurs, the heat released by the target reaction causes the system temperature to rise and triggers secondary reactions/decomposition reactions. Pressure release: The gas generated by the decomposition reaction causes the pressure in the reaction vessel to rise beyond the system's tolerance pressure, causing leakage or explosion. Chemical corrosion: chemical corrosion to personnel, environment and equipment caused by the leakage of reactants and products or the leakage of secondary reaction products.

According to GB/T 12959-2008 "Method for determination of heat of hydration of cement", isothermal conduction calorimetry is the benchmark method for the determination of heat of hydration of cement. It has the highest measurement accuracy and is the standard method for quality control in daily production and applications. First, when the data is in dispute, the results obtained by isothermal conduction calorimetry shall prevail.

The chemical industry accounts for a significant proportion of China's total industrial output value. Broadly defined, chemical production includes petrochemicals, chemical raw materials, pharmaceuticals, etc. The raw materials and intermediates involved in these processes often have characteristics such as flammability, explosiveness, and corrosion. Moreover, the various stages of synthesis, separation, and purification involved in production may also entail conditions of high temperature and high pressure, all of which can be potential sources of safety accidents. The harsh reality has confirmed the frequent occurrence and severity of safety accidents in chemical production. Therefore, the study of safety issues in the chemical production process is of utmost importance.

Various types of adsorption instruments, including physical adsorption instruments and chemical adsorption instruments, have always been indispensable basic tools in catalysis research. The adsorption instrument can accurately measure the adsorption amount of the sample, but another important thermodynamic information of the adsorption process - the heat of adsorption, needs to be obtained through theoretical calculation. During the calculation process, various simplifications, modifications, approximations and other operations on the model will introduce errors, and it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate such effects, let alone distinguish the energy differences at different stages of the surface adsorption process. This results in the results obtained through such calculation methods. The heat of adsorption has low reliability and its practical application is very limited.

Specific heat capacity, or specific heat for short, is a basic physical property of matter. It is the amount of heat absorbed or released by an object per unit mass when it changes unit temperature. When testing using calorimetry, the instrument usually operates under approximately constant pressure conditions, so the daily heat melt measured by calorimetry is usually the constant pressure specific heat capacity, that is, Cp.

Food may undergo different types of transformations during processing or storage, including melting, crystallization, gelation, gelatinization, denaturation, and oxidation, all of which are accompanied by changes in heat. Calorimetric technology can monitor the heat changes of food during these processes to reflect the state changes of different components in the food. The main applications of microcalorimeters and thermal analyzers in the food field are: